Abstract: There can be no doubt that cognisance should be taken of Paul�s conversion on the road to Damascus in any discussion on radical change. Bosch asks the question: Was it conversion in the sense of changing religions, or did Paul experience renewal from within the Judaist religion? Exegetical and theological evaluation of Paul�s experience shows that careful scrutiny of his experience, as narrated in Acts, is needed. However, it is presently accepted that his own references to radical change in his views must be evaluated in combination. In this regard the Speech Act Theory empowers the exegete to better understand Paul�s encounter with Christ�the maxims of quantity, quality, relevance and manner, and the basic aspect of politeness are especially useful to evaluate the meaning of a specific passage. The implications of Paul�s encounter with Christ are huge and had and still have meaning for the Christian community. The radical transformation of the society that followed is of great importance. Paul�s radical change influenced the radical change of many in the society. How did Paul�s encounter with Jesus influence the whole community and how can this affect the search for true Christian experience in the modern world? It is suggested that by revisiting Paul�s influence in the early church, society can be radically transformed by the present day church.

Abstract: In South Africa, there has been a media frenzy regarding court cases especially criminal judgments leading to the incarceration of criminals. The public reaction to the criminal judgments breathes positive and negative responses through social media. It is apparent that one case may bring public relief whereas other cases may frustrate the public. Court cases involving the infamous President Jacob Zuma, with a tainted history inter alia, rape charges to corruption to non-compliance with the public protector’s Nkandla report, which has certainly created public displeasure. The repugnant ongoing scent of corruption does not end with the President but is spread like a contagious disease throughout South Africa from white collar crime to blue collar crime. The Dewani case facts were perceived as an elaborate wedding between two opulent families to a murderous honeymoon in South Africa. South Africa became infamous as an ideal background to commit brutal crimes. It is apparent that South Africa is a world renown country that is dangerous in epic proportions, deterring foreigners as holiday makers and encouraging the brain drain of South Africans to immigrate to other promising first world countries with the promise of a better and safer future for the family. This paper will illustrate that the public openly critiques the justice system and exposes the corruption that has polluted the country and the role of punitive populism, which eases the frustration of the public in relation to a country ridiculed and plagued with crime.

Abstract: ABSTRACT\nIt seems as if the majority principle permeated almost all walks of life within a differentiated society � to such an extent that it appears normal to associate it with the nature of democracy and to speak about democratic societies. Although early Christianity commenced with an acknowledgement of the conscience of an individual, the aim of church unity soon required that individuals sacrifice their autonomy. Was it necessary to assume that God always sided with the majority and do we have to distinguish between individuals as such and individuals as members merged into a whole? The apparent tension derives from the difference between multiplicity and wholeness revealing the role of two modes of explanation: number and space. It was the Roman jurists who asked questions about the grounds of validity of the majority principle by contemplating how the minority should abide by the decisions of the majority and what should happen to dissenters. In extreme cases force determined the issue. This explains why jural validity preferably required unanimity. Eventually the maxim for the minority was more modest: follow the majority by accepting the majority as having a will of its own. Within canon law the majority is treated as if it were the will of all. At the Third Lateran Council (1179) the number of required votes was established to have a two-thirds majority. The canonists were the first to introduce a distinction between the free rights of individuals and the particular rights of corporations. A new fiction now justified equating the major part (major pars) of an assembly of representatives with the whole itself. Within social contract theories the majority played an important role. But in the thought of Rousseau tension emerged between the general will and the will of all individuals. By interchanging the whole-parts relation with the relation of super- and subordination within the state, Rousseau\'s social contract theory terminated in assigning an absolute and unlimited power to the general will. It is argued that the majority principle is incapable of functioning as a yardstick for justice and truth � neither of which could be established by a majority vote. Assigning an unlimited legal power to the majority leads to a totalitarian and absolutistic view. The limitations of the majority principle are briefly demonstrated with reference to mathematics and biology. In text books of logic this impasse is designated as the majority fallacy. South Africa is currently facing protests with claims bordering on a dictatorship of the majority. The article is concluded with a brief exposition of the �organic� view of Gierke and with a hint towards an alternative view.

Abstract: L-Asparaginase (E.C. 3.5.1.1) is an amidohydrolase enzyme which catalyze L-asparagine to L-aspartate and generate ammonia. This enzyme has an important application on medicine and food processing aid. In this research, L-asparaginase from food grade microorganism, Arthrospira platensis was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli system. The expression of cloned gene resulted in the inclusion body form. It was found that deduced protein was located and accumulated in pellet fraction, inclusion bodies. Hence, to achieve active form of the enzyme, it need to be correctly folded with steps as follow solubilization and refolding. Here, we report the recovering activity of the enzyme throughout our refolding process. Several denaturant agents were used to completely denature a protein from inclusion body. Urea, triton-X 100, and sarkosyl are able to denature the protein. The refolding process was conducted by dilution and dialysis methods. After experienced refolding process, L-asparaginase activity was detected. The highest activity was achieved from dialysis methods (64 U). We, therefore, reported the activity in the refolded enzyme even though the process needs to be optimized.